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1.  Over a period of 9 hours a patient is to receive half a liter of dextrose 4 % in 1/5 normal saline via a volumetric infusion pump. At what flow rate should the pump be set?

$\frac{\mathrm{Total} \mathrm{volume} \mathrm{to} \mathrm{be} \mathrm{infused} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Time} \left(\mathrm{Hours}\right)}$

$\frac{500\mathrm{ml}}{9 \mathrm{hrs}}=55.5 \mathrm{ml}/\mathrm{hr}$

 

 

2.  A patient is prescribed 120 ml of Hartmann’s solution to be given over 5 hours. The microdrip delivers 60 drops/ml. calculate the required drip rate in drops/min

$\frac{\mathrm{Total} \mathrm{volume} \mathrm{to} \mathrm{be} \mathrm{infused} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Time} \left(\mathrm{Hours}\right)}\mathrm{x}\frac{\mathrm{drop} \mathrm{factor}}{60 \min /\mathrm{hr} \left(\mathrm{constant}\right)}$

$\frac{120 \mathrm{ml}}{5 \mathrm{hrs}}\mathrm{x}\frac{60 \mathrm{drops}/\mathrm{ml}}{60 \min /\mathrm{hr}}=\frac{7,200 \mathrm{drops}}{300 \min }=24 \mathrm{drops}/\min$

 

 

3.  At 22H00 hours on Thursday, 1 Liter of Saline is set to run at 80ml/hr. When will the infusion be finished:

$\frac{\mathrm{Total} \mathrm{volume} \mathrm{to} \mathrm{be} \mathrm{infused} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Rate} (\mathrm{ml}/\mathrm{hr})}=\frac{1000 \mathrm{ml}}{80 \mathrm{ml}/\mathrm{hr}}=1.5 \mathrm{hrs}$

 

 

4.  A Patient is to be given co-amoxiclav. The Recommended dosage is 20mg/kg/day, 3 doses per day. Calculate the size of a single dose if the patients weight is 24kg

Dosage required = prescription x body weight

20 mg x 24 kg = 480 mg

$\frac{480 \mathrm{mg}}{3}=160 \mathrm{mg}$

 

 

5.  450 mg of aspirin is required. Stock on hand is 300mg tablets. How many tablets should be given?

 $\frac{\mathrm{Dose} \mathrm{prescribed} \mathrm{for} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{patient}}{\mathrm{Stock} \mathrm{strength} \mathrm{available}}=\mathrm{tablets}$

 

$\frac{450 \mathrm{mg}}{300 \mathrm{mg}}=1.5$

 

 

6.  A solution contains paracetamol 120mg/5ml. How many milligrams of paracetamol are in 40 ml of the solution.

$\frac{40 \mathrm{ml}}{5 \mathrm{ml}}=8$

8x120mg=960mg

 

 

7.  A patient is prescribed phenobarbitone 140mg. Stock ampoules contain 200mg/ml. What volume must be withdrawn for injection?

$\frac{\mathrm{Dose} \mathrm{prescribed} \mathrm{for} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{patient} \mathrm{x} \mathrm{Quantity} \mathrm{volume} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Stock} \mathrm{strength} \mathrm{available}}$

$\frac{140 \mathrm{mg} \mathrm{x} 1\mathrm{ml}}{200 \mathrm{mg}}=0.7 \mathrm{ml}$

 

 

8.  800ml of fluid is to be given IV. The fluid is running at 70ml/hr for the first 5 hours than the rate is reduced to 60ml/hr. Calculate the total time taken to give 800ml.

70 ml x 5 = 350 ml (for 5 hours)

800ml - 350 ml = 450 ml

$\frac{450 \mathrm{ml}}{60 \mathrm{ml}/\mathrm{hr}}=7.5 \mathrm{hours}$

Total infusion time is: 7 hours 30 minutes + 5 hours = 12 hours 30 min.

 

 

9.  One liter of Hartmann’s solution is to be given over 12 hours. Calculate the flow rate of a volumetric infusion pump

$\frac{\mathrm{Total} \mathrm{volume} \mathrm{to} \mathrm{be} \mathrm{infused} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Time} \left(\mathrm{Hours}\right)}=\frac{1000 \mathrm{ml}}{12 \mathrm{hrs}}=83.3 \mathrm{ml}/\mathrm{hr}$

 

 

10.  400mg of penicillin is to be given IV. One hand is penicillin 600mg in 2 ml. What volumes should be drawn up?

$\frac{\mathrm{Dose} \mathrm{prescribed} \mathrm{for} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{patient} \mathrm{x} \mathrm{Quantity} \mathrm{volume} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Stock} \mathrm{strength} \mathrm{available}}$

$\frac{400 \mathrm{mg} \mathrm{x} 2 \mathrm{ml}}{600 \mathrm{mg}}=\frac{800 {\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{mg}}{\mathrm{ml}}}}{600 \mathrm{mg}}=1.3 \mathrm{ml}$

 

 

11.  A patient is prescribed benzylpenicillin 1200mg IV. Stock ampouls contain 1g in 5ml. is the volume to be drawn up for injection equal to 5ml, less than 5 ml or more than 5ml?

$\frac{\mathrm{Dose} \mathrm{prescribed} \mathrm{for} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{patient} \mathrm{x} \mathrm{Quantity} \mathrm{volume} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Stock} \mathrm{strength} \mathrm{available}}$

$\frac{1,200 \mathrm{mg} \mathrm{x} 5 \mathrm{ml}}{1,000 \mathrm{mg}}=\frac{6000 {\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{mg}}{\mathrm{ml}}}}{1,000 \mathrm{mg}}=6\mathrm{ml}$

 

 

 

12.  A vial of amoxicillin 500mg is reconstituted with WFI to give a concentration of 200mg/ml. Calculate the volume of this solution to be drawn up for injection if the preparation is for 120mg

$\frac{\mathrm{Dose} \mathrm{prescribed} \mathrm{for} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{patient} \mathrm{x} \mathrm{Quantity} \mathrm{volume} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Stock} \mathrm{strength} \mathrm{available}}$

$\frac{120 \mathrm{mg} \mathrm{x} 1 \mathrm{ml}}{200 \mathrm{mg}}=0.6 \mathrm{ml}$

 

 

13.  700ml of saline solution is to be given over 8 hours. The IV set delivers 20 drops/ml. What is the required drip rate?

 $\frac{\mathrm{Total} \mathrm{volume} \mathrm{to} \mathrm{be} \mathrm{infused} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Time} \left(\mathrm{Hours}\right)}x\frac{\mathrm{drop} \mathrm{factor}}{60 \min /\mathrm{hr} \left(\mathrm{constant}\right)}$

$\frac{700 \mathrm{ml}}{8 \mathrm{hrs}}\mathrm{x}\frac{20 \mathrm{drops}/\mathrm{ml}}{60 \min /\mathrm{hr}}=\frac{14,000 \mathrm{drops}}{480 \min }=29.2 \mathrm{drops}/\min$

 

 

 14.  One gram of dextrose provide 16kj of energy. How many kilojouls does a patient receive form an infusion of half a litre of dextrose?

1g (1 000ml) = 16kg

 500ml (1⁄2 a liter) = 16/2 = 8kj

 

 

15.  A patient is to be given amoxicillin 175mg. What volume of solution should be drawn up for the injection if the concentration after dilution with water for injection is 300mg/ml

$\frac{\mathrm{Dose} \mathrm{prescribed} \mathrm{for} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{patient} \mathrm{x} \mathrm{Quantity} \mathrm{volume} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Stock} \mathrm{strength} \mathrm{available}}$

$\frac{175 \mathrm{mg} \mathrm{x} 1 \mathrm{ml}}{300 \mathrm{mg}}=0.58 \mathrm{ml}$

 

 

 

16.  A post-operative patient is to receive a PCA infusion of fetanyl 350 micrograms in 35 ml of normal saline via a syringe pump. The PCA is set to give a bolus dose of 1 ml each time the button is pressed. What is the concentration of the fentanyl in saline solution?

  $350 \mathrm{mcg} \mathrm{x} \frac{1 \mathrm{mg}}{1,000 \mathrm{mcg}}=0.35\mathrm{mg}$

$\frac{0.35 \mathrm{mg}}{35 \mathrm{ml}}=0.01 \mathrm{mg}/\mathrm{ml}$

 

 

 

17.  Mrs Bond has been ordered 100 ml to be infused over 45 minutes via a 20 drops/ml giving set. What drip rate should be set?

$45 \mathrm{mins} \mathrm{x} \frac{1 \mathrm{hour}}{60 \mathrm{mins}}=0.75 \mathrm{hour}$

$\frac{\mathrm{Total} \mathrm{volume} \mathrm{to} \mathrm{be} \mathrm{infused} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Rate} (\mathrm{ml}/\mathrm{hr})}\mathrm{x}\frac{\mathrm{drop} \mathrm{factor}}{60\min /\mathrm{hr} \left(\mathrm{constant}\right)}$

$\frac{100 \mathrm{ml}}{0.75 \mathrm{hrs}}\mathrm{x}\frac{20 \mathrm{drops}/\mathrm{ml}}{60 \min /\mathrm{hr}}=\frac{2,000 \mathrm{drops}}{45 \mathrm{mins}}=44.4 \mathrm{drops}/\min$

 

 

 

18.  A patient has been prescribed 1L of a saline solution. The rate is set at 150 ml/hr. How long will the infusion take?

$1\mathrm{L} \mathrm{x} \frac{1,000\mathrm{ml}}{1\mathrm{L}}=1,000\mathrm{ml}$

$\frac{\mathrm{Total} \mathrm{volume} \mathrm{to} \mathrm{be} \mathrm{infused} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Rate} (\mathrm{ml}/\mathrm{hr})}=\frac{1000\mathrm{ml}}{150 \mathrm{ml}/\mathrm{hr}}=6.6\mathrm{hrs}$

 $0.6 \mathrm{hrs} \mathrm{x} \frac{60 \mathrm{mins}}{1 \mathrm{hour}}=36 \mathrm{mins}$

=> 6 hours and 36 minutes

 

 

 

19.  Doctor’s order: Tylenol supp 1 g prq q 6 hr prn temp > 101; available: Tylenol supp 325 mg (scored). How many supp will you administer?

$1\mathrm{g} \mathrm{x} \frac{1,000 \mathrm{mg}}{1 \mathrm{g}}=1,000 \mathrm{mg}$

$\frac{\mathrm{Dose} \mathrm{prescribed} \mathrm{for} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{patient}}{\mathrm{Stock} \mathrm{strength} \mathrm{available}}=\frac{1,000\mathrm{mg}}{325\mathrm{mg}}=3 \mathrm{supp}$

 

 

 

20. Doctor’s Order: Nafcillin 500mg po pc; Available: Nafcillin 1 gm tab (scored). How many tab will you administer per day?

 $500 \mathrm{mg} \mathrm{x} \frac{1 \mathrm{g}}{1,000 \mathrm{mg}}=0.5 \mathrm{g}$

$\frac{\mathrm{Dose} \mathrm{prescribed} \mathrm{for} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{patient}}{\mathrm{Stock} \mathrm{strength} \mathrm{available}}=\frac{0.5\mathrm{g}}{1\mathrm{g}}=0.5$

$0.5 \mathrm{x} 3=1.5 \mathrm{tabs}$

 

 

 

21.  Doctor’s order: Synthroid 75 mcg po daily; Available: Synthroid 0.15mg tab (scored). How many tab will you administer?

$75 \mathrm{mcg} \mathrm{x} \frac{1 \mathrm{mg}}{1,000 \mathrm{mcg}}=0.075 \mathrm{mg}$

$\frac{\mathrm{Dose} \mathrm{prescribed} \mathrm{for} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{patient}}{\mathrm{Stock} \mathrm{strength} \mathrm{available}}=\frac{0.075 \mathrm{mg}}{0.15 \mathrm{mg}}=0.5 \mathrm{tab}$

 

 

 

22.  Doctor’s order: Diuril 1.8 mg/kg pot id; Available: Diuril 12.5 mg caps. How many cap will you administer for each dose to a14 kg child?

$1.8\mathrm{mg} \mathrm{x} 14 =25.22\mathrm{mg}$

$\frac{\mathrm{Dose} \mathrm{prescribed} \mathrm{for} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{patient}}{\mathrm{Stock} \mathrm{strength} \mathrm{available}}=\frac{25.22\mathrm{mg}}{12.5\mathrm{mg}}=2 \mathrm{caps}$

 

 

 

22.  Doctor’s Order: Cleocin Oral Susp 600 mg po qid; Directions for mixing: Add 100 mL of water and shake vigorously. Each2.5 mL will contain 100 mg of Cleocin. How many tsp of Cleocin will you administer?

$\frac{\mathrm{Dose} \mathrm{prescribed} \mathrm{for} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{patient} \mathrm{x} \mathrm{Quantity} \mathrm{volume} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Stock} \mathrm{strength} \mathrm{available}}$

$\frac{600 \mathrm{mg} \mathrm{x} 2.5 \mathrm{ml}}{100 \mathrm{mg}}=15 \mathrm{ml}$

$15 \mathrm{ml} \mathrm{x} \frac{1 \mathrm{tsp}}{5 \mathrm{ml}}=3 \mathrm{tsp}$

 

 

 

23.  Doctor’s order: Sulfasalazine Oral susp 500 mg q 6 hr; Directions for mixing: Add 125mL of water and shake well. Each tbsp. will yield 1.5 g of Sulfasalazine. How many mL will you give?

1.5 g = 1,500mg
1tbsp = 15 ml

$\frac{\mathrm{Dose} \mathrm{prescribed} \mathrm{for} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{patient} \mathrm{x} \mathrm{Quantity} \mathrm{volume} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Stock} \mathrm{strength} \mathrm{available}}$

$\frac{500 \mathrm{mg} \mathrm{x} 15 \mathrm{ml}}{1,500 \mathrm{mg}}=5 \mathrm{ml}$

 

 

 

24.  Doctor’s Order: Kantamycin 7.5 mg/kg IM q 12 hr; Available: Kantamycin 0.35 gm/mL. How many mL will you administer for each dose to a 71 kg patient?

7.5mg = 0.0075g
0.0075g x 71 = 0.5325 g

$\frac{0.5325 \mathrm{g} \mathrm{x} 1 \mathrm{ml}}{0.35 \mathrm{g}}=1.5 \mathrm{ml}$

 

 

 

25.  Doctor’s Order: Heparin 7,855 units Sub Q bid; available; Heparin 10,000 units per ml. how many mL will you administer

$\frac{\mathrm{Dose} \mathrm{prescribed} \mathrm{for} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{patient} \mathrm{x} \mathrm{Quantity} \mathrm{volume} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Stock} \mathrm{strength} \mathrm{available}}$

$\frac{7,855 \mathrm{units} \mathrm{x} 1 \mathrm{ml}}{10,000 \mathrm{units}}=0.7855 \mathrm{ml} (0.79\mathrm{ml})$

 

 

 

26.  Doctor’s Order: Demorol 50 mg IVP q 6 hr prn pain: Available: Demerol 75 mg/1.3 mL. How many mL will you administer?

$\frac{\mathrm{Dose} \mathrm{prescribed} \mathrm{for} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{patient} \mathrm{x} \mathrm{Quantity} \mathrm{volume} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Stock} \mathrm{strength} \mathrm{available}}$

$\frac{50 \mathrm{mg} \mathrm{x} 1.3 \mathrm{ml}}{75 \mathrm{mg}}=0.866 \mathrm{ml} (0.87\mathrm{ml})$

 

 

 

27.  Doctor’s order: Streptomycion 1.75 mg /Ib IM q 12 hr; Available: Streptomycin 0.35 g/ 2.3 mL. How many mL will you administer a day to a 59 kg patient?

$59 \mathrm{kg} \mathrm{x} \frac{2.2 \mathrm{lb}}{1 \mathrm{kg}}=129.8 \mathrm{lb}$

1.75mg x 129.8 = 227.15 mg

$227.15 \mathrm{mg} \mathrm{x} \frac{1 \mathrm{g}}{1,000 \mathrm{mg}}=0.23 \mathrm{g}$

$\frac{\mathrm{Dose} \mathrm{prescribed} \mathrm{for} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{patient} \mathrm{x} \mathrm{Quantity} \mathrm{volume} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Stock} \mathrm{strength} \mathrm{available}}$

$\frac{0.25 \mathrm{g} \mathrm{x} 2.3 \mathrm{ml}}{0.35 \mathrm{g}}=1.5 \mathrm{ml}$

1.5 ml x 2 = 3ml

 

 

 

28.  Doctor’s Order: bumex 0.8 mg IV bolus bid; Reconstitution instructions: Constitute to 1,000 micrograms/ 3.1 mL with 4.8 mL of 5 % Dextrose Water for Injection. How many mL will you administer?

$0.8 \mathrm{mg} \mathrm{x} \frac{1,000 \mathrm{mcg}}{1 \mathrm{mg}}=800 \mathrm{mcg}$

$\frac{\mathrm{Dose} \mathrm{prescribed} \mathrm{for} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{patient} \mathrm{x} \mathrm{Quantity} \mathrm{volume} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Stock} \mathrm{strength} \mathrm{available}}$

$\frac{800 \mathrm{mcg} \mathrm{x} 3.1 \mathrm{ml}}{1,000 \mathrm{mcg}}=2.48 \mathrm{ml} (2.5\mathrm{ml})$

 

 

 

29.  Doctor’s order: Tazidime 0.3 g Im tid; Reconstitution instructions: For IM solution add 1.5 mL of diluent. Shake to disolve. Provides an approximate volume of 1.8 mL (280mg/mL). How many mL will you give?

$0.3 \mathrm{g} \mathrm{x} \frac{1,000 \mathrm{mg}}{1 \mathrm{g}}=300 \mathrm{mg}$

$\frac{\mathrm{Dose} \mathrm{prescribed} \mathrm{for} \mathrm{the} \mathrm{patient} \mathrm{x} \mathrm{Quantity} \mathrm{volume} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Stock} \mathrm{strength} \mathrm{available}}$

$\frac{300 \mathrm{mg} \mathrm{x} 1 \mathrm{ml}}{280 \mathrm{mg}}=1.07 \mathrm{ml} (1.1\mathrm{ml})$

 

 

 

30.  Doctor’s Order: Infuse 50 mg of Amphotericin b in 250 mL NS over 4 hr 15 min; Drop factor : 12 gtt/ml. What flow rate (mL /hr) will you set on the IV infusion pump?

4 hr 15 min = 4.25 hrs [ 4 hrs + ( 15 min / 60 mins) ]

$\frac{\mathrm{Total} \mathrm{volume} \mathrm{to} \mathrm{be} \mathrm{infused} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Time} \left(\mathrm{Hours}\right)}=\frac{250\mathrm{ml}}{4.25\mathrm{hrs}}=58.82\mathrm{ml}/\mathrm{hr}$

 

 

 

31.  Doctor’s order: 1.5 L of NS to be infused over 7 hours; Drop factor: 15 gtt/ml. What flow rate (mL/hr) will you set on the IV infusion pump?

$\frac{\mathrm{Total} \mathrm{volume} \mathrm{to} \mathrm{be} \mathrm{infused} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Time} \left(\mathrm{Hours}\right)}\mathrm{x}\frac{\mathrm{drop} \mathrm{factor}}{60 \min /\mathrm{hr} \left(\mathrm{constant}\right)}$

$\frac{1,500 \mathrm{ml}}{7 \mathrm{hours}}=\frac{15 \mathrm{gtt}/\mathrm{ml}}{60 \min /\mathrm{hr}}=\frac{22,500 \mathrm{ml}}{420 \mathrm{hr}}=53.57\mathrm{ml}/\mathrm{hr} (53.6 \mathrm{ml}/\mathrm{hr})$

 

 

 

32.  Doctor’ order: Mandol 300 mg in 50 mL of D5W to infuse IVPB 15 minutes; drop factor: 10 gtt/mL. How many mL/hr will you set on the IV infusion pump?

15 mins = 0.25 hr

$\frac{\mathrm{Total} \mathrm{volume} \mathrm{to} \mathrm{be} \mathrm{infused} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Time} \left(\mathrm{Hours}\right)}=\frac{50 \mathrm{ml}}{0.25 \mathrm{hr}}=200 \mathrm{ml}/\mathrm{hr}$

 

 

33.  Doctor’s order: Infuse 1200 mL of 0.45% Normal Saline at 125 mL/hr; Drop Factor: 12gtt/ml. How many gtt/min will you regulate the IV?

$\frac{\mathrm{Total} \mathrm{volume} \mathrm{to} \mathrm{be} \mathrm{infused} \left(\mathrm{ml}\right)}{\mathrm{Rate} (\mathrm{ml}/\mathrm{hr})}=\frac{1,200 \mathrm{ml}}{125 \mathrm{ml}/\mathrm{hr}}=9.6 \mathrm{hrs}$

$\frac{1,200 \mathrm{ml}}{9.6 \mathrm{hrs}}\mathrm{x}\frac{12 \mathrm{gtt}/\mathrm{ml}}{60 \min /\mathrm{hr}}=\frac{14,400 \mathrm{ml}}{576 \mathrm{hr}}=25 \mathrm{gtt}/\min$

 

 

 

34.  Doctor order: Recephin 0.5 grams in 250 mL of D5W to infuse IVPB 45 minute; Drop factor: 12 gtt/ml. How many gtt/ min will you regulate the IVPB?

45 min = 0.75 hr

$\frac{250 \mathrm{ml}}{0.75 \mathrm{hr}}\mathrm{x}\frac{12 \mathrm{htt}/\mathrm{ml}}{60 \min /\mathrm{hr}}=\frac{3,000 \mathrm{ml}}{45 \mathrm{hr}}=66.66 \mathrm{gtt}/\min$

=> 67 gtt/min

 

 

 

35.  Doctor order: ¼ L of D5W to infuse over 2 hr 45 min; Drop factor: 60 gtt/mL. How many gtt/min will you regulate the IV?

2hr45min=2.75hrs[2hrs+(45min/60mins)]

$\frac{250 \mathrm{ml}}{2.75 \mathrm{hr}}\mathrm{x}\frac{60 \mathrm{gtt}/\mathrm{ml}}{60 \min /\mathrm{hr}}=\frac{15,000 \mathrm{ml}}{165 \mathrm{hr}}=90.90 \mathrm{gtt}/\min$

=> 91 gtt/min